The Polyamine Putrescine Contributes to H2O2 and RbohD/F-Dependent Positive Feedback Loop in Arabidopsis PAMP-Triggered Immunity

Effector-triggered innate immunity contributes Arabidopsis resistance to Xanthomonas campestris.

Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the causal agent of black rot disease, depends on its type III secretion system (TTSS) to infect cruciferous plants, including Brassica oleracea, B. napus and Arabidopsis. Previous studies on the Arabidopsis-Pseudomonas syringae model pathosystem have indicated that a major function of TTSS from virulent bacteria is to suppress host defences triggered by p...

Signalling of Arabidopsis thaliana response to Pieris brassicae eggs shares similarities with PAMP-triggered immunity

Insect egg deposition activates plant defence, but very little is known about signalling events that control this response. In Arabidopsis thaliana, oviposition by Pieris brassicae triggers salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and induces the expression of defence genes. This is similar to the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are involved in PAMP-triggered immuni...

Salmonella enterica flagellin is recognized via FLS2 and activates PAMP-triggered immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Infections with Salmonella enterica belong to the most prominent causes of food poisoning and infected fruits and vegetables represent important vectors for salmonellosis. Recent evidence indicates that plants recognize S. enterica and raise defense responses. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms controlling the interaction of S. enterica with plants are still largely unclear. Here, we show th...

Negative Regulation of PAMP-Triggered Immunity by an E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Triplet in Arabidopsis

The first line of active defense in plants is triggered by invariant microbial epitopes known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Perception of PAMPs by receptors activates a plethora of reactions ending in PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI), which contributes to broad-spectrum resistance. Here, we report a homologous triplet of U-box type E3 ubiquitin ligases (PUBs), PUB22, PUB23, an...

Molecular components of PAMP-triggered oxidative burst in plant immunity